3D-PAD: Paper-Based Analytical Devices with Integrated Three-Dimensional Features

3D Printed Paper-Based Microfluidic Analytical Devices

As a pump-free and lightweight analytical tool, paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) attract more and more interest. If the flow speed of μPAD can be programmed, the analytical sequences could be designed and they will be more popular. This reports presents a novel μPAD, driven by the capillary force of cellulose powder, printed by a desktop three-dimensional (3D) printer, which ...

Three-Dimensional Molded Interconnect Devices (3D-MID)

Three-dimensional circuits with LDS Laser Direct Structuring and Metallization for 3D Mechatronic Integrated Devices

Paper-based electroanalytical devices with an integrated, stable reference electrode.

This paper describes the development of a referenced Electrochemical Paper-based Analytical Device (rEPAD) comprising a sample zone, a reference zone, and a connecting microfluidic channel that includes a central contact zone. We demonstrated that the rEPADs provide a simple system for direct and accurate voltammetric measurements that are referenced by an electrode with a constant, well-define...

Hollow-channel paper analytical devices.

We present a microfluidic paper analytical device (μPAD) that relies on flow in hollow channels, rather than through a cellulose network, to transport fluids. The flow rate in hollow channels is 7 times higher than in regular paper channels and can be conveniently controlled from 0 to several mm/s by balancing capillary and pressure forces. More importantly, the pressure of a single drop of liq...